病例翻譯-患者體檢中英文表述
體檢（一般項目）[Physical examination(general items)]
·視診[inspection]
·觸診[palpation]
·叩診[percussion]
·聽診[auscultation]
·嗅診[olfactory examination]
·淺（深）觸診法[light (deep) palpation]
·深部滑行（深壓，雙手，沖擊）觸診法[deep slipping (deep press,bimanual,ballottement]
·間接（直接）叩診[indirect (direct) percussion]
·叩診音（過清音，清音，濁音，鼓音，實音）[percussion sound (hyperresonance,resonance,dullness,tympany,flatness)]
·用鐘（膜）型胸件聽診[with the bell (diaphragmatic) chestpiece ]
1、體溫[temperature, T]
·口（腋、肛）溫[oral (axillary, rectal) temperature]
·經口（腋、肛）測的溫度[per mouth (axilla, rectum)]
·攝氏與華氏換算[Centigrade VS Fahrenheit]
·37.5℃.orally(99.5℉)[口溫攝氏37.5度（華氏99.5度）]
2、脈搏[pulse, P]
·脈率72次/分[pulse 72 beats per minute(P 72 bpm)]
·搏動存在（消失）[pulse are present (absent)]
·速（緩）脈[fast (slow) pulse]
·洪（細絲）脈[bounding (small, thready) pulse]
·水沖脈[water hammer pulse]
·交替脈[alternating pulse]
·奇脈[paradoxical]
·二聯(lián)（三聯(lián)）脈[bigeminal (trigeminal) pulse]
·重脈[dicrotic pulse]
·間歇脈[intermittent pulse]
·陷落脈[collapsing]
·不規(guī)則（規(guī)則）脈[irregular(regular) pulse]
3、呼吸[respiration, R]
·呼吸頻率[respiratory rate (RR)]
·呼吸頻率19次/分[RR 19 beats/min (R 19 bpm)]
·規(guī)則（不規(guī)則）呼吸[regular (irregular) breathing]
·呼吸均勻[eupnea]
·呼吸急促（緩慢）[repid (slow) breathing]
·呼吸停止（中斷）[pausal (interrupted) breathing]
·呼吸驟停[breath arrest]
·深（淺）呼吸[deep (superficial) breathing]
·呼吸困難[dyspna (short of breath)]
·呼吸費力[labored breathing]
·胸（腹）式呼吸[thoracic (abdominal) breathing]
·張口呼吸[mouth (buccal) breathing]
·周期性呼吸[periodic respiration]
·庫斯毛氏呼吸[Kussmaul`s respiration]
·陳-施（潮式）呼吸[Cheyne-Stokes (tidal) respiration]
·間歇呼吸[Biot`s breathing]
·嘆息樣（胎兒,鼾樣）呼吸[sighing (fetal, stertorous) respiration]
·口臭[have foul (fetid) breath (halitosis)]
·酮味呼吸[a smell of ketone]
·靜息下（活動時）氣促[dyspnea at rest (on exertion)]
·丙酮（氨臭，蒜臭）味[acetone (ammoniacal, alliaceous) odor]
·肝臭[hepaticus fetor]
·腋臭[bromidrosis]
4、血壓[blood pressure, BP]
·收縮（舒張）壓[systolic (diastolic) blood pressure]
·血壓20/12千帕（150/90毫米汞柱）[BP 20/12 kPa(150/90mmHg)]
1kPa=7.5mmHg (1mmHg=0.1333kPa)
·血壓為收縮壓20，舒張壓12千帕[Bp is 20 over 12 (Bp is 20 systolic and 12 diastolic)]
·測量血壓[take (measure, check ) Bp]
·坐（臥）位血壓[sitting (lying) Bp]
·無創(chuàng)（有創(chuàng)）血壓[non-invasive (invasive) Bp]
·脈壓[pulse pressure]
·血壓測不出[Bp is unavailable (unobtained)]
·左臂（右臂）血壓[Bp in left (right) arm]
·雙下肢血壓[Bp in both lower limbs]
·袖帶[cuff]
5、體位[position]
·主動（被動、強迫）體位[active (passive, forced ) position]
·立（坐、臥）位[upright (sitting, dorsal) position]
·仰臥（俯臥）位[supine (prone) position]
·左（右）側臥位[left (right) lateral (decubitus) position]
·蜷腿位[coiled position]
·半臥位[semi-reclining (semi-recumbent) position]
·端坐位[orthopnea position]
·胸膝（膝肘）位[knee-chest (knee-elbow) position]
·截石（分娩）位[dorsosacral (obstetric) position]
·角弓反張位[opisthotonus position]
·強迫蹲位[compulsive squattin]
·輾轉體位[alternative position]
·頭高（低）腳低（高）位[high (low) head and low(high) legs]
6、神志和意識[consciousness and mind]
·清醒（半清醒的）[alert (semi-conscious)]
·昏迷（半昏迷）的[comatose (semi-comatose)]
·無精打采的[listless]
·思睡的[somnolent (drowsy, sleepy)]
·昏睡的[lethargic]
·焦慮不安的[anxious (restless, apprehensive)]
·激動的[excited (irritable)]
·精神錯亂的[confused]
·意識障礙[distrubance of consciousness]
·譫妄[delirium]
·抽搐[convulsion]
·木僵的[stuporous]
·合作佳（欠佳、差）[cooperation is good (not good enough, bad)]
·反應遲鈍[have a dull reaction]
·有（無）定向力[be oriented (disoriented)]
·朦朧狀態(tài)[be in a mist tent]
·神志模糊[blurred (dim, vague) mind]
·失去知覺[loss consciousness(unconsciousness)]
·對疼痛刺激的反應[reaction to painful stimuli]
7、面容[facial features]
·呈急（慢）性面容[be in acute (chronic) distress]
·病然面容[critical facies]
·瀕死面容[hippocratic facies]
·苦笑面容[sardonic facies]
·表情不安 [anxious (distressing) expression]
·神情憔悴[ haggard expression]
·貧血（腎病、肝?。┟嫒輀anemic (nephrotic, hepatic) facies]
·二尖瓣（傷寒）面容[mitral (typhoid) facies]
·滿月（面具）面容[moon (masked) facies]
·肢端肥大癥面容[acromegaly facies]
·甲亢（粘液性水腫）面容[hyperthyroid (myxedema) facies]
·老年貌[senile feature]
·顏面潮紅（蒼白）[reddy (pale) facies]
·面色紅潤[florid facies]
8、發(fā)育[development]
·身高[body height (length)]
·身材（高大、矮小）[stature (tall, dwarf)]
·體格（強壯、脆弱）[physique (strong, weak)]
·青春期[adolescent spurt]
·體型[habitus]
▲無力（乏力、超力）型[asthenic (ortho-sthenic, sthenic) type]
▲巨人癥（重體侏儒癥、奄人癥）[gigantism (pituitary dwarfism, eunuochism)]
▲運動員體型[athletic type]
▲矮胖（瘦長）型[stocky (lanky) type]
·一位發(fā)育良好（中等）的病人[a well (middle)-developed patient]
·發(fā)育不良（異常）[hypoplasia (dysplasia)]
·身高171厘米[177cm in height]
9、營養(yǎng)[nutrition]
·營養(yǎng)良好（中等、不良）[well (middle, under)-nourished]
·良好、不良，中等[well (poorly, fairly)]
·肥胖[obesity (overweight,fat)]
·消瘦[emaciation (underweight, thin, lean)]
·惡液質[cachexia]
·水牛背[buffalo hump]
10、姿勢與步態(tài)[posture and gait]
·共濟失調步態(tài)[ataxic (incoordination) gait]
·剪刀步態(tài)[scissors gait]
·慌張步態(tài)[festinating gait]
·跨域步態(tài)[steppage gait]
·搖擺步態(tài)[swaying gait]
·蹣跚步態(tài)[reeling (staggering, waddling) gait]
·閉目難立征[Romberg`s sign]
·間歇性跛行[intermittent claudication]
11、皮膚與粘膜[skin and mucosa]
▲顏色[color]
▲蒼白（紅色、暗紅、潮紅、粉紅色）[pallor (redness, dusky redness, flush, pinky)]
▲顯得蒼白[be (look) pale]
▲紫紺（手足發(fā)紺）[cyanosis (acrocyanosis)]
▲黃疸（黃染）[jaundice (stained yellow)]
▲黑色素[melanin]
▲色素沉著過多（減退）[hyper pigmentation (depigmentation)]
▲色素沉著增加(減少)[pigmentation increase（decrease）]
▲白癜（白斑）[vitiligo (leukoplakia)]
▲雀斑（老年斑）[fleck (senile plague)]
▲紫（妊娠）紋[purple (pregnant) striae]
▲多血癥[be plethoric]
▲重度（中度、輕度）紫紺[be severely (moderately, slightly) cyanosis]
·濕度與彈性[moisture and elasticity]
▲干燥（濕潤）的[dry (moist)]
▲濕冷[cold moist]
▲冷（暖、熱）[cool (warm, hot)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (rough)]
▲光亮的[shing]
▲緊張（松弛）的[taut (loose)]
▲軟（硬）[soft (hard)]
▲鱗狀（皺紋）的[scaly (wrinkling)]
▲有（無）彈性的[elastic (inelastic)]
▲萎縮（肥厚）的[atrophic (hypertrophic)]
▲皮下氣腫[subcutaneous emphysema]
▲全身（局限）性水腫[anasarca (localized edema)]
▲凹陷性（非凹陷性）水腫（加重、減輕、消退）[pitting (non-pitting) edema (increase, decrease, subside)]
·皮損[skin lesions]
▲皮疹[skin eruption]
▲斑疹[maculae]
▲玟瑰疹[roseola (rose spots)]
▲丘疹[papule]
▲斑丘疹[maculopapule]
▲風疹[rubella]
▲皰疹[belbs]
▲斑片[patch]
▲斑塊[plaque]
▲蕁麻疹[urticaria (hives)]
▲脫皮（屑）[desquamation (excoriation)]
▲蜘蛛痣[spider angioma]
▲皮下小結[subcutaneous nodules]
▲瘢痕[scar]
▲痱子[sudamen]
▲水（血、膿）皰[water (blood, pus ) bpister]
▲?。ù螅┧抂vesicle (bulla)]
▲單純皰疹[herpes simplex]
▲風團（囊腫、腫瘤）[wheal (cyst, tumor)]
▲皮屑（鱗屑）[furfur (scale)]
▲結痂（焦痂）[crust (eschar)]
▲潰瘍（糜爛、皺裂）[ulcer (erosion, fissure)]
▲肝掌（朱砂掌）[liver (erythema) palms]
▲黃褐斑[chloasma]
▲環(huán)形紅斑[circinate erythema]
▲黑痣[pigmented nevas]
▲胎記[birthmark]
▲疣（雞眼）[werruca (clavus)]
▲凍瘡[pernio]
▲褥瘡[bedsore (decubitus)]
▲滲液[exudate]
·出血[bleeding]
▲瘀點[petechia]
▲紫癜[purpura]
▲瘀斑[ecchymosis]
▲血腫[hematoma]
▲片狀出血[splinter hemorrhage]
▲滲血[oozing of the blood]
▲壓之褪色[blanch on pressure]
12、頭發(fā)與指甲[hair and nail]
·頭發(fā)（稀疏、濃密、禿頭）的[hair (sparse, dense, bald)]
·頭皮[scalp]
·粗（細）[coarse (fine)]
·密（疏）[thick (thin)]
·干性（油性）[dry (oily)]
·有（無）光澤的[lustrous (lusterless)]
·多（少、無）毛[hairy (oligotrichosis, hairless)]
·脫發(fā)（斑禿、全禿）[hair loss (alopecia areata, baldness)]
·眉毛（陰毛、腋毛）稀少（過多）[scant (excessive) eyebrows (public hair, axillary hair)]
·體毛（胡須）[body hair(beard) ]
·全身性多毛癥[hypertrichosis universalis]
·毛發(fā)的性狀和分布[quality and distribution of the hair]
·甲變形（匙狀甲）[deformities of nail (spoonnail)]
·?。ù啵┘譡thin (brittle) nail]
·甲脫落[ongchoptosis]
13、淺表淋巴結[superficial lymph nodes]
·淺表淋巴結未捫及[be no palpable superficial lymph nodes (…can not be palpated)]
·淋巴結腫大[enlarged lymph nodes (lymphnode enlargement)]
·部位[site]
▲全身（局部）[general (local)]
▲耳前（后）淋巴結[pre(post)-auricular nodes]
▲枕后淋巴結[occipital nodes]
▲頦下淋巴結[submental nodes]
▲下頜淋巴結[submaxillary nodes]
▲頸前（后）淋巴結[anterior (posterior) cervical nodes]
▲ 鎖骨上淋巴結[supraclavicular nodes]
▲滑車上淋巴結[epitrochlear nodes]
▲腋窩上（內側，前，后，外側）淋巴結[axillary top (medial,anterior,posterior,lateral)]
▲腹股溝淋巴結（橫組，縱組）[inguinal nodes (transverse group,longitudinal group) lymphnode]
·大小[size]
▲4×2cm大小[4 by 2 cm in diameter (size)]
▲米粒（豌豆，核桃，小指，拇指，拳頭，手掌，雞蛋）大小[size of a rice grain (pea,walnut,small,ringer,thumb,fist,palm,hen’s egg)]
▲針頭大小[pinhead size]
▲蘋果大小[size of an apple]
▲小孩頭（成人大?。size of a(n) infant’s(man’s) head]
·形態(tài)[shape]
▲不規(guī)則[irregular]
▲結節(jié)（顆粒、紡錘）狀的[tuberous (granular,spindle-shaped)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (coarse)]
▲平坦（凹凸不平）的[flat (uneven)]
▲球（橢園，卵園，園）形的[globular (elliptical,oval,circular)]
·硬度和活動度[hardness and mobility]
▲硬（軟）[hard (soft)]
▲石頭（骨）樣硬[of stone-like (bone-like)]
▲可活動（固定）的[movable (fixed)]
▲與周圍組織（結構）固定[be fixed to the surrounding tissues (structures)]
▲壓痛[tenderness]
▲融合（粘連）[fusion (adhesion)]
▲腫脹（疤痕）[swelling (fistula)]
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